Diabetes Mellitus Essay -- essays research papers

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes is a chronic, genetically determined, debilitating disease that affects every organ system. There are two major types of diabetes character I and Type II. Type I or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin producing cells of the pancreas and is usually, but non always diagnosed in childhood. People with type I diabetes must take insulin shots in order to survive. Type II diabetes or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), are usually diagnosed in adulthood. They produce insulin, but their bodies do non use it effectively or properly. While many modern diseases plague society, diabetes has been known for many centuries (Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, 1-3).Type I diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and was antecedently known as juvenile diabetes. In type I diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use sugar. saccharid e is the basic fuel for the cells in the body, and insulin takes the sugar from the blood into the cells. When sugar builds up in the blood instead of going into cells, it stand cause two problems cells whitethorn be starved for energy, and over time, high blood sugar levels may hurt your eyes, kidneys, nerves, or heart.Type II diabetes is the almost common form of diabetes. In type II diabetes, either the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin. Insulin is necessary for the body to be able to use sugar. Type II diabetes accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes. Type II diabetes is nearing epidemic proportions, due to an increased number of older Americans, and a greater prevalence of obesity and inactive lifestyles (Hoffman, 34-49).Diabetes is the leading cause of death. It is the leading cause of kidney failure, adult sightlessness, and non-traumatic amputations. People who have diabetes are two to four times more likely to have a heart attack or a strok e. Life expectancy of people who have this disease, on the average is fifteen years, less than that of people who do not have the disease. It is also the leading cause of nerve damage (Hoffman, 34-49).IDDM can cause problems that should be prepared for. The three key problems Hyp... ...r and neurological diseases. degenerative hyperglycemia activates a metabolic reaction cascade that leads to cellular damage in small to medium blood vessels and peripheral nerves. Nerve damage is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus, and can lead to impotence, incontinence, and loss of sensation from affected areas (Saladin, 656).The last effect makes a patient dangerously unaware of major injuries, which can fester from neglect and contribute to gangrene and the necessity of amputation. Many diabetics lose their toes, feet, or legs to the disease. The cardiovascular effects include degeneration of the small arteries of the retina and the kidneys, leading to blindness and kidney failur e as common complications. People with type I diabetes are more likely to die of kidney failure than those with type II diabetes.Diabetes also promotes atherocslerosis, the closedown of blood vessels with fatty deposits, causing poor circulation. In type II diabetes, the most common cause of death is heart failure stemming from atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis also contributes to renal failure and gangrene.

Comparing Twelve Songs by W.H.Auden and Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good

Comparing Twelve Songs by W.H.Auden and Do non Go placate Into That heavy Night by Dylan ThomasThe two poems I am comparing are Twelve Songs by W.H.Auden and Do non Go Gentle Into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas. Two themes runthrough some(prenominal) of these poems, those themes are grief and death.Although the subjects are the same, the poets each have a verydifferent approach to the subjects. This is shown in many different styluss, But although their approach to the subjects are very different,their overall views on grief and death are quiet similar. That beingthat neither suffer nor death is good, and no one wants it tohappen.Someone who has lost a loved one, and feels nothing is important nowthat they have gone is narrating Twelve Songs. A son is narratingDo Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night. The son is telling his fathernot to die. Twelve Songs is not talking to anyone he is talkingabout someone. Whereas Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good night the sonis talking to his fathe r rather than talking about him. The tone ofeach poem is quite similar. They both hire orders and commands but theyuse them very differently. Twelve Songs uses a list of instructionor commands throughout the whole poem. Do Not Go Gentle Into ThatGood Night uses two book of instructions Do Not Go Gentle Into That GoodNight and Rage rage against the dying of the light. Dylan Thomasuses these two lines throughout the whole poem but altogether uses those twoinstructions either at the beginning or the end of each stanza.W.H.Auden uses a lot of Instructions, in fact the whole poem is on the noseinstructions Stop all the clockspack up the moon and dismantlethe sun But none of the instructions are repeated at any early(a) poi... ...ave out that message to the reader. Dylan Thomas did not reallygive out a message to the reader apart from to put up a troth againstdeath. His aim of begging his father not to die and to create animpact worked. He did use instructions but not in the same w ay asW.H.Auden, however his instructions did work as he used them to beghis father to not go gentle into that good night. The maindifference amongst these poems is that Twelve Songs is about afterdeath and Do Not Go Gentle In to That Good Night is about beforedeath. The main similarity is that they both use instructions and eventhough they use them very differently they are still very effective inboth poems and are used well. Also both poems talk about personalfeelings but only at the end. I pray do not go gentle into that goodnight, and I thought love would last forever I was wrong.

Importance of Control in Staffords Traveling Through the Dark Essay

Importance of Control in Staffords Traveling done the Dark   In William Staffords Traveling Through the Dark, the cashier encounters a dead deer on the edge of the road. He knows that the safe and proper course of action is to push the deer into the canyon, but when he finds that the doe was near giving birth before she died, he hesitates to kill the unborn fawn. Staffords central idea in the poem revolves around the decision the narrator makes to sacrifice the deer in order to clear the road of obstacles, so that others who drive on the dark, narrow road wont have to swerve.   The ascertain of the deer evokes fellow feeling and compassion from the reader because the image isnt merely that of a dead animal. The second stanza describes the dead deer as the reader would expect. The narrator stood by the heap, a doe, a recent killing / she had stiffened already, almost cold. The lifeless deer, merely a heap of animal recently killed on the road, seems ready to be pushed int o the canyon, but the next stanza reverses the image of the deer. The narrator approaches ...

Brooks, Gwendolyn Essay -- Essays Papers

Brooks, GwendolynPoet, writer. Born June 7, 1917, in Topeka, Kansas. Throughout most of the twentieth century, Gwendolyn Brooks was a lyrical chronicler of the black urban welcome in America. In 1950, she became the first African-American poet to win the Pulitzer Prize. Brooks grew up on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois. She began writing poetry as a preteen girl, and by the age of 16 had begun publishing her poems regularly in The Chicago Defender. She attended the Woodrow Wilson Junior College in Chicago before marrying a fellow writer, total heat L. Blakely, in 1939. The couple lived together in Chicago, divorcing in 1969 but reuniting in 1973. They had two children, Nora Brooks Blakely and Henry Blakely Jr. Brooks earned a proficient deal of critical attention in 1945 with the publication of her first anthology of poetry, A Street in Bronzeville. (Bronzeville was Brooks name for the predominately African-American South Side of Chicago.) everywhere the next several years, Brooks won a grant from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and several fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation. She published her second volume of verse, Annie Allen, in 1949. The book, which followed a Bronzeville girl throughout the stages of her life, was written in a loose, experimental form that Brooks called the sonnet-ballad. Annie Allen won the Pulitzer Prize the following year, catapulting Brooks to a unscathed new level of literary and popular acclaim. A novel, Maud Martha (1953),...

Identify a personal hero and articulate the influence this person has h

Identify a personal hero and articulate the influence this person has had on you        I learn Spanish literature from a petite, educate woman who has yet to appear in anything less that pearls, a well-cut suit and carefully scraped-back hair. Nevertheless, not one class has gone by without her eventually posing cross-legged on her desk, eyes intent behind wire-rimmed glasses, hair slipping from her ponytail as if in agreement with her insistence that Spanish is exciting and all-encompassing, that Spanish literature is life reflected.        At first, I thought she was a lunatic, ranting about El simulo, las metaforas, and el tema. I spent the first week getting modify to her quick Iberian way of speaking, catching every other verb or noun, frantically trying to piece together what exactly she wanted from me. Each magazine she would veer her gaze in my direction, I would bend my head down to my note pad, furiously scribbling d own some non-important point in the hopes that she wouldnt call on me....

Identify a personal hero and articulate the influence this person has h

Identify a soulfulnessal hero and articulate the influence this person has had on you        I learn Spanish literature from a petite, sophisticated woman who has yet to appear in anything less that pearls, a well-cut suit and cautiously scraped-back hair. Nevertheless, not one class has gone by without her eventually sitting cross-legged on her desk, eyes intent behind wire-rimmed glasses, hair slipping from her ponytail as if in agreement with her insistence that Spanish is exciting and all-encompassing, that Spanish literature is life reflected.        At first, I thought she was a lunatic, ranting about El simulo, las metaforas, and el tema. I spent the first week getting accustomed to her quick Iberian way of speaking, catching every other verb or noun, devilishly trying to piece together what exactly she wanted from me. Each time she would veer her gaze in my direction, I would bend my head down to my eminence pad, furious ly scribbling down some non-important point in the hopes that she wouldnt call on me....

Satanism

daystarism may signify an organized belief dust or religion such as the church building of friction match. It may be seen only when as a vague and dramatized concept of extreme insurgence against occidental norms and conventions such as the so- chit-chated matchism exhibited by some rock musicians. It may be a mythological sign of medieval religious opinion that still lingers in coetaneous propagation. It may also be a deviant practice used to daunt and visit others through ritual turn (Francis mogul, 1989b). If Satanism is linked with ritual abuse, wholeness support also say with assurance that non all ritual abuse is Satanic.Many of these abusive occurrences constitute been present in societies or under conditions where Satan is not a renowned weird or demonic entity. In earlier times, it was not queer for westward scholars and travelers to sometimes attri juste the influence of Satan to primitive religious practices, which to them appeared to be idolatrous or v io modify. Even now, one occasionally hears the concept that if something is not Christian, it is the effect of Satans force or seductiveness. The predecessors of Satanism can be found in ancient religions in which gods were worshipped, not because of their intrinsic goodness, but as of their perceive power.For example, the ancient Greek and roman letters gods were such an amoral grouping of deities. Few showed many venerable character traits. These gods were often represented with all the foibles and veniality of mere mortals. Many of the cults use to such gods and goddesses allegedly involved traumatizing rituals (e. g. , the mystery cults). On the other hand, some religions particularly worshipped and supplicated obviously villainy deities. In other cases, what appears to be the veneration of an vileness god may simply symbolize the worship of a spiritual entity that no longer enjoys privileged status?There are examples in history in which a cultures demons were in fact p ast divinities, no longer revered, and sometimes given new and less striking roles. Such revolutions amongst the gods sometimes resulted from conquests, whereupon the new gods of the conquerors take the place formerly held by the gods of the conquered. In other instances, evil can be revered or worshipped outright. In cultures in which Christianity is established one might presume that the worship of evil would involve some devotion to the Tempter or Satan, the primary names given to the Euro-American spiritual depiction of evil.To many traditional Christians, Satan and Lucifer are equal but variant names for the same demon. However, numerous theologians make the peculiarity that Lucifer is the name of Satan before his fall. The origins of Satanism are positively as obscure as any other occult belief system. One can never be specifically certain when such practices started. Yet, some of the historical accounts of Satanism in Europe may explain some of the evolution of thought pro cess about Satanism. The history of Satanism can be traced to a variety of possible sources (1) European witchcraft, sorcery, and shamanism, (2) Gnostic-derived religions (e. . , the Cathari) which viewed the established Church as an tyrannical adversary, (3) the general traditions of Western occultism (which are often seen as encircling a dark or left hand-handed path) and (4) what Francis King calls the bad divinity of a minority of Roman Catholic priests (Francis King , 1989b, p. 219 ). Though, when Satan was invented, he was found everywhere. For instance, Satan was attached to Adam and Eve as a sibling rivalry between Satan and the younger creatures of divinity.This combination of human and celestial opponents of perfection lastly culminated in the formative stages of the Antichrist legend, which speaks of the human embodiment of Satan (McGinn 1994 10, 22-25 Pagels 1995 43, 49 Russell 1977 188-89). While the orthodox text shared some ideas of the dualistic conflict, particul arly in Ezras formulations, Satan obtained a key role in the conventional worldview only gradually, as an influence of the normal apocalyptic eschatology and a means in struggles for power (political or religious) between human beings ( McGinn 1994 26).According to Elaine Pagels, Satan never shows in the Hebraic Bible as the leader of an evil empire, as a leader of antagonistic spirits who make war on God and human winsome. As he first appears, Satan is not essentially evil. In the Book of poem and in Job he is one of Gods obedient servants, a messenger or angel. The Satan describes an adversarial role, not a particular character. The Satan was any one of the angels sent by God for the explicit purpose of blocking or obstructing human activity the forerunner Satan means one who opposes, obstructs, or acts as adversary the Greek term diabolos means one who throws somewhat across ones path. So if the path is bad, an rampart is good Satan may simply have been sent by the Lord to pr otect a person from worse harm (Pagels 1995 39-40, based, e. g. , on Numbers 22 23-25). Jobs Satan takes a more adversarial role Satans special role in the blissful court is that of a kind of wandering(a) intelligence agent, like those whom numerous Jews of the time would have known and disliked from the king of Persias complex system of secret police and intelligence officers. These agents roamed the realm feeling for signs of infidelity amongst the community.God boasts to Satan concerning one of his most loyal subjects Satan then challenges the Lord to put Job to the test. Job withstands the tests, and the Lord restores the affluences of Job openhanded him twice as much as he had before (Pagels 1995 41, based on Job 2 3, 42 10). Around the time Job was create verbally c. 550 B. C. E. , other biblical writers invoked Satan to account for sharing out within Israel. One court historian slips Satan into an account regarding the origin of census taking, which King David introduced into Israel c. 1000 B. C. E. or the point of instituting taxation, which aroused fervent and immediate opposition. Aim on condemning Davids action without condemning the king openly, the author of 1 Chronicles suggests that a supernatural adversary within the divine court had managed to penetrate the royal house and led the king himself into sin Satan stood up against Israel and incited David to number the people ( Pagels 1995 42-43, based on 1 Chron. 211). Most societies have a variety of demons, spirits, or gods, which are morally ambivalent that is to say, the gods can be kind or unkind to humankind.One might argue that this amoral or dimoral polytheism fits the human experience of the universe well we see things happening mysteriously, without reason, for good or ill, and call it fate, chance, or an act of God. Few religions have one figure particularly symbolizing evil, although Buddhas tempter Mara comes close. No religion has a single individual personifying evil except tho se of the Jewish-Christian-Muslim (and Zoroastrian) tradition, which have Satan or the morning star. The problem of evil faces every worldview, but none so expressively as great monotheistic religions.Theologically the problem is just stated. God is all-powerful and all-good. But an all-powerful, all-good God would not permit evil in the cosmos he creates. Therefore evil cannot exist. But we view that evil exists. We are therefore forced to refuse the existence of God (at least as great monotheistic religions define it) or meet the criteria of our definition. If we choose the latter, we can save Gods pure goodness by restraining his omnipotence, or else save his power by qualifying his goodness. This is a sharp theological choice few theologians choose to face it that overtly.To avoid this choice, a variety of strategies have been working over the millennia. One solution, however unacceptable philosophically, is to resort to the fantasy of a spiritual power aggressive to God, such as Satan. The Old Testament has comparatively few references to Satan as a personality. Most Hebrew thought before the turn century B. C. E. established destruction and suffering as originating in Gods inscrutable will. But some Old Testament passages lent themselves to an interpretation that unexplained spiritual powers, subordinate to a God, often did disparaging things.In some passages most radically in the Book of Job this power is portrayed as having a self-governing, malevolent existence. The idea of the Devil, very fuzzy in the Old Testament, becomes clear and pointed in the era from the second century B. C. E. to the second century C. E. One reason is the power of Iranian dualism. The ancient Iranian religion of Mazdaism (sometimes called Zoroastrianism) had its origins in the t severallyings of Zarathushtra, a prophet whose dates are unknown.It is a dualist religion, elucidating evil by positing a frequent cosmic war between the God of Light and the God of Darkness. Ma zdaism had some influence in Babylonia, where Hebrew in Exile was change state by Iranian Shah Cyrus. A propensity toward dualism seems also to have grown indigenously amongst Jews, as they developed a darker view of the world throughout the times they were invaded, enslaved, and persecuted by a diversity of conquerors Egyptians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and finally Romans.The Jews reacted to this anguish partly by blaming it on their own sins (a stance of the great prophets), but partially by blaming out(prenominal) forces. The Devil or his deputies were the influential spirits backing evil Gentiles against the Chosen People. Some Jewish sects, such as the Essenes, conceived (like the Mazdaists) of a broad extraterrestrial warfare between the Lord of Light and the Prince of Darkness, a warfare in which each nation and each person was called to stand on one side or the other.For Jewish apocalyptic, the cosmic struggle was coming to its end there would be one las t, vast war between sons of dusk and sons of light, and then the good God would triumph everlastingly. In the context of this profoundly dualistic Jewish thought, Christianity came into being. Ideas similar to those of apocalyptic writers emerge in the Christian Gospels, notably the Gospel of John, with its images of light against darkness, in miracle stories of Jesus capability to cast out and defeat demons and their leader the Devil, and in the Book of Revelation (The Apocalypse).However, after the obliteration of Jerusalem by Romans in 70 C. E. , and the diaspora of the Jews, Pharisees were left as the surviving leading Jewish group. Their custom downplayed Satans power so much that he infrequently appears in works of the rabbis, though he does forbear a presence in Jewish folklore. Although Judaism downplayed Satans power, Messianic trends that faded in Judaism after 70 C. E. remained strong in Christianity. For Christianity, Jesus was the Messiah. In Christian thought, God is good. Opposed by the Devil, he sends Jesus his Messiah to obliterate the Devils power.Unlike many Jewish sects, such as the Zealots, Christians supposed that the Messiah was not a military victory over Satan and gentile nations, but to a certain extent the Suffering Servant, who took upon himself all sins of the people and, in dying for them, bust Satans power. Almost all early Christian writers granted Satan great power all through the cosmos and also in the life of each human. Christ and Satan vie for each soul, and each person should choose between them. Like Judaism, Christianity is a monotheistic religion.But by using the Devil to explicate the existence of evil, some early Christian groups, such as Gnostic sects of the first two centuries C. E. , pulled powerfully in the way of dualism. For them, Satan was an anti-God of awful power. This power was to be fought, banished, and struggled against. But as it was so vast, Satans power could also be influenced, harnessed to ones o wn will, even, in extreme cases, worshipped. There was no intend Satanism in early Christianity, but some Gnostic sects seem to have verged on it by working orgiastic rites.In the l5th-century, French ability and onetime marshal of France, Gilles de Rais, was found to have affianced in numerous mortal and sadistic acts, some of which were alleged to be associated with strange rituals in which he was back up by Francesco Prelatti, a Florentine priest and occultist. Gilles de Rais was noted to be a man whose temperament and personality seemed to be extremely erratic at different times. Sometimes noted for his kindness, he was notable for his bravery in his military assistance of Joan of Arc.However, there was a great deal of dependable testimony provided by witnesses as well as material substantiation pointing to his guilt. According to Francis King, Satanism was adequately prevalent in 16th- and l7th-century France that its presence was noted by the police It is serious to know h ow widespread such Satanist activities were among the nonmonastic clergy of the middle Ages, but they seem to have become common in the 16th and17th centuries. Exactly how common, no one knows, but if the rest of Catholic Europe was anything like the ecclesiastical underworld of Paris at that time, then they were very common indeed.For in France Satanism had come through the status of big business, its practitioners forming a kind of occult Mafia, a noisome octopus with tentacles which reached into almost every segment of Parisian society and which was uncovered by Nicolas de la Reynie, the Police Commissioner of Paris. (Francis King, 1989b, pp. 219 220) The books of Church of Satan founder Anton LaVey (1969) were actually strongly influenced by this occult tradition. (LaVey also popularized the blessed pentagram, the five-pointed star with one point downward(prenominal) and the head of a goat overlaid.There is a temptation to dismiss antisatanists claims as illusive as sociolo gist Marcello Truzzi says, Satanists are better scapegoats than Jews, because they dont exist (in Lyons, 1988179). Though the vast conspiracy criticized by the antisatanist campaign may be exaggerated, Satanists do exist there are members of controlled Satanist performes in our society. These Satanist groups are significant to the antisatanist reason they provide a kernel of truth that antisatanists can expose.Groups such as Anton LaVeys Church of Satan prove that the satanic threat exists. The Church of Satan is not large estimates range from 2000 to 5000 active members (Melton 198677 Lyons 1988115). Still, the publicity showered on LaVey since he established his San Francisco church in 1966 has made him and his group a part of American popular culture. Almost everyone knows about LaVeys church, even though it is quite small. What the Church lacks in size it has made up for in attention paid to it as well as its activities.Anton LaVey, a bright character with a flair for the dram atic, gained substantial publicity by performing satanic weddings of famous people, satanic baptisms of children, and satanic last rights for a sailor member who died all intentionally staged as media events. LaVey sought celebrities as members, and for a time claimed such stars as Sammy Davis, younger and Jayne Mansfield as dynamic participants, gaining national attention as a result (Lyons 1988). There is substantial debate about what the Church of Satan stands for, and what its members believe.Some analysts treat the Church as a spoof, intentionally designed to upset Christians. Others take it more critically, and look to LaVeys writings, such as his The Satanic Bible (LaVey 1969), to understand his philosophy. The church actively rejects spirituality and mysticism of any sort it espouses an exclusive, materialist, and essentially atheistic philosophy. Satan constitutes a worship of ones own ego. In its major features, the Church of Satan takes a position of Extreme Machiavellia nism and cynical-realism on the way to the nature of man.Its major feature is its emphasis upon the significance of myth and magic and upon their strike in a world of people who can still be influenced through such beliefs and emotions. This Satanist then is the ultimate pragmatist. (Truzzi 1974220) Moody ( 1974) discusses the Church of Satans redefinition of Christianitys cardinal fatal sins greed, pride, envy, anger, greed, lust, and sloth as virtues within satanic religion. Melton (1988145) describes satanic churches relationship to ChristianitySatanism is rationally subsequent to Christianity and draws on it in representing an overthrow of the Christian deity approving of his adversary. It stands in polemical relation to Christianity and Uses Christian elements, which are changed and given new meaning. Although LaVeys Church of Satan is the most observable satanic church, others exist. The Temple of Set, a small off-shoot group planned by Michael Aquino, a former disciple of LaVey, has attracted attention (Melton 1989805 Lyons 1988125). The small size of these organized satanic groups is less significant than the heathen meaning attached to them.As a radical rejection of Christian culture, they are representatively significant. Their very presence has put in to the concern about Satanism in America. Satan stories were connected to practical and political issues. As Russell (1977 222) properly maintains, the figure of Satan in the New Testament is understandable only while it is seen as the counterpart or counter principle of Christ accordingly, Russell adds, the New Testament teaches that the Kingdom of God is at war with the Kingdom of the Devil.Furthermore, Pagels documents, the vision of great struggle were developed by sectarian groups like the Essenes as they struggled against the forces they saw ranged against them. The dualistic cosmology was traited as split society, where sons of light, allied with the angels, and sons of darkness, in league with the control of evil, were in violent conflict. Pagels further retains that followers of Jesus adopted the same prototype in their campaigns.According to Pagels, ringer tells the story of Jesus as the variableness between Gods spirit and the power of Satan. Mark underlines that Jesus encountered this opposition not simply from evil spirit but from evil people as well. Marks Satan is not an antagonistic power assailing Israel from outside the community but the source and symbol of conflict within the community (Pagels 1995 12, 17, 34, 38 based on Mark 3 23-27, 16 5-7). Satan is described as the embodiment of pure evil.Such a Satanic theology would feature goodness to the Judeo-Christian God, but Satanists worship Satan as perceived to be more powerful or because the cultist might view himself or herself as being past buyback by a benign deity. In this system of thinking, goodness itself is typified as a weak, ineffective, and futile goal. Spence describes a similar dichotomy in views of Satanism and Luciferianism although he defines his terms slightly differently Concerning the cults of Lucifer, much discrimination is required in dealing with this aspect, the bulk of the literature on the subject being manifestly grotesque and often willfully misleading. The members of the church of Lucifer are of two groups, those who regard the deity they adore as the evil principle, thus approximating to the standpoint of the Satanists, and those who look upon him as the true god in opposition to Adonai or Jehovah, whom they regard as an evil deity who has, with fiendish ingenuity, miscreated the world of man to the detriment of humanity. . (http//www. satanservice. org/propaganda/acad. 80sa. txt ) Though, in contemporary world, satanic symbols and themes are observable and popular features of music, literature, and movies. Increasing numbers of reported survivors are coming forward to assert they are victims of such cults. Are these reports just rumors or fantasies , or are people being harmed by ritual abuse? Unless we seriously consider these reports, we will never know for certain.

Logistic

1. Consider the put out ambit for a domestic automobile. a. What are the components of the try chain for the automobile? b. What are the variant firms voluminous in the supply chain? c. What are the objectives of these firms? d. Provide examples of hostile objectives in this supply chain. e. What are the risks that rare or unexpected events pose to this supply chain? a. b. c. d. e. dissolve any car model manufactured by a domestic auto maker.For example, consider the 2002 Ford Thunderbird. a. The supply chain for a car typically includes the following components 1. Suppliers for raw materials 2. Suppliers for parts and subsystems 3. Automobile manufacturer (Ford, in the example). Within a company, there are also different departments, which constitute the internal supply chain i. Purchasing and material handling ii. Manufacturing iii. Marketing, and so on 4. Transportation providers 5. Automobile dealers b. Many firms are involved in the supply chain. 1. Raw material su ppliers.For instance, suppliers for steel, rubber, plastics, etc. 2. Parts suppliers. For instance, suppliers for engines, steering wheels, seats, and electronic components, etc. 3. Automobile manufacturer. For instance, Ford. 4. Transportation providers. For instance, shippers, trucking companies, railroads, etc. 5. Automobile dealers. For instance, Hayward Ford. c. All companies involved in the supply chain deprivation to maximize their respective profits by increasing revenue and decreasing cost. However, companies may employ different strategies in order to achieve this goal.Some of them focus on customer satisfaction and quick delivery, while others may be more concerned about minimizing inventory holding costs. d. In general, different parts of the supply chain have objectives that are not aligned with each other. 1. Purchasing Stable order quantities, flexible delivery lead times and little conversion in mix. 2. Manufacturing Long fruit runs, high quality, high productivit y and low production costs. 3. Warehousing Low inventory, reduced transportation costs and quick replenishment capability. 4. Customers Short order lead times, a large variety of products and low prices. e.Typically, the automobile dealer would like to offer a variety of car colors and configurations to accommodate different customer preferences, and meanwhile have a short delivery lead time from the manufacturer. However, in order to maximize the length of production runs, and utilize resources more efficiently, the manufacturer would like to aggregate orders from different dealers and offer less variety in car configurations. This is a clear example of conflicting marketing and manufacturing goals. 2. Consider a consumer mortgage offered by a bank. a. What are the components of the supply chain for the mortgage? . Is there more than one firm involved in the supply chain? What are the objectives of the firm or firms? c. What are the similarities between product and service supply chains? What are the differences? a. b. c. a. The supply chain for a consumer mortgage offered by a bank may involve various components. 1. Marketing companies that handle solicitation to potential customers. 2. Credit reporting agencies that appreciate potential customers. 3. The bank that extends the mortgage loans. 4. Mortgage brokers through which the loans are distributed. . The marketing companies strive to increase the response rate from homebuyers in order to maximize their returns. Banks postulate at a customer portfolio with a relatively low risk, healthy flow of payments and low average loan maturity date. The brokers would like to maximize their sales commissions. c. Similar to product supply chains, the objective of a service supply chain is to provide what is needed (in this case, a particular type of service, rather than a personal product) at the right location, at the right time, and in a form that conforms to customer requirements while minimizing system w ide costs.However, there are a number of differences between the two types of supply chains. For instance 1. In a product supply chain, there is both a flow of information and physical products. In a service supply chain, it is primarily information. 2. Contrary to a service supply chain, transportation and inventory are major cost components in a product supply chain. 3. Services typically cannot be held in inventory, so matching capacity with demand is frequently more important in a service supply chain. 4.In a service supply chain, the (explicit) cost of information is higher than in a product supply chain. Note that in the mortgage example above, the bank has to compensate the credit reporting agency for each credit report it obtains. - 3. What is an example of a supply chain that has evolved everyplace time? Many supply chains evolve over time. For example, consider a memory chip supply chain. Production strategies may change during different stages of the product life cycle. When a new memory chip is introduced, price is high, yield is low, and production capacity is tight, and the availability of the product is important. Consequently, production is usually make at plants close to markets, and the management focuses on increasing yield, reducing the number of production disruptions, and fully utilizing capacity. When the product matures, however, its price drops and demand is stabilized for a menstruation of time, so minimizing production cost moves to center stage. To reduce costs, production may be outsourced to overseas foundries, where labor and materials are much cheaper.

Mfn Applied Tariff Rates Of Emerging Market Economies Economics Essay

Under the MFN all states are to hold the same duty rates for all the separate members of the WTO, nevertheless in the instance of the maturation states, they are granted the Generalized System of Preferences, by which, selected merchandises arising from developing states get a decrease in duty rates or face nobody duty flush over MFN duty rates.The a the aims of the generalised, non-reciprocal, non-discriminatory system of penchants in favor of the development states, including particular steps in favor of the least move on among the developing states, should be hypertext transfer protocol //www.unctad.org/img/1px.gif( a ) A A to increase their exporting net incomes hypertext transfer protocol //www.unctad.org/img/1px.gif( B ) A A to advance their industrialisation and hypertext transfer protocol //www.unctad.org/img/1px.gif( degree Celsius ) A A to speed up their rates of sparing growing. ( Resolution 21 ( two ) , UNCTAD II Conference in New Delhi in 1968 )Under the Enabl ing Clause ( 1979 ) , states giving the penchant such(prenominal) as the United States, European Union, Canada, Japan and 9 others could allow lasting preferential under their several GSP strategies.The GSP has showed assorted consequences. While on one manus the GSP has benefitted the rich developing states such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Mexico, mainland china and late India and China, on the other manus the developed states have implemented the GSP moreover non in those sectors in which the development states have most involvement such as agribusiness and fabrics.Removal of non duty barriers such as the phasing out and termination of the Multi- fiber Agreement or the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing ( ATC ) in 2005, which restricted the import of fabrics and vesture from developing states to the developed states through quota, has helped in the rise to power in exports of the developing states and in particular emerging markets such as Taiwan, Hong Kong and China have taken advantage of it.However for the emerging markets economies the duty grants in the old unit of ammunitions of dialogues and the GSP has helped increase their exports.These duty decreases are non merely done by developed states save anyways by developing states and some of the emerging economic systems particularly have slashed their duty rates by a broad border.Summary of Average MFN Applied Tariff Rates of Selected Emerging Market EconomiesAverage Duty ( Per Cent )StateHighest Rate Reported divisionLatest Rate ReportedYearDecreaseBrazil51.0198714.6200971Chile35.019846.0200983China49.519828.6200883Colombia61.0198412.7200979Czech Republic6.419965.0200323United arab republic47.4198112.3200874Hungary24.019843.2200287India100.0198610.1200990Dutch east indies37.019845.8200784Korea, Rep.23.719828.9200962Mexico27.0198711.1200959Maroc54.019829.1200983Peru46.019883.8200892Philippines34.619815.0200786Poland18.319894.3200376Saudi Arabia13.019964.0200869South Africa29.019847.4200974Taiwan31.01 9825.1200984Siam45.0199310.0200778 dud40.019832.4200894Beginning World Bank DatabaseIt is interesting to observe that even after duty decreases in the emerging economic systems, in agreement with the understandings negotiated, the duty gross has increased. This is chiefly because of the riddances of non duty barriers like import quotas cod to increase demand for ingestion goods and fabrication inputs, export limitations on agribusiness goods and natural stuffs for domestic industries, local content demand particularly in the cars industry and VERs ( volunteer Export Restrictions ) . Although licensing has non been removed wholly in agribusiness imports, it has been greatly reduced. Hence there is less motive to smuggle, raising duty returns. likewise tariff barriers scat to be more crystalline compared to non duty barriers, increasing the assurance of the international investors in the markets.One of the basic effects of a duty decrease has been the increment in ingestion, both of consumer goods and of natural stuffs for industries. Domestic houses confronting competition from the cheaper imports switch off down the consumer pecuniary pass judgments so as non lose their market portion. The decreased monetary values increases the buying power of the citizens and this is particularly good for the lower income groups. The emerging market economic systems have big populations which live below the poorness line. This addition in their buying power improves their criterion of life. Consumers besides get better assortment of goods in the market and it has besides been seen that there is an betterment in the smell of goods.Besides cheaper and better quality natural stuffs can be imported, cut downing the cost of production which non merely translates to decrease in consumer monetary values, but besides increases the measure and quality of production. In add-on engineering and proficient aid, funding, audience and direction expertness can be brought into the st ate for non merely fabricating industries but besides for the primary sector. Industries such as agribusiness, agriculture, fishing, forestry and excavation provide natural stuff to other domestic industries but the merchandises of these industries are besides exported by developing states.Share of Merchandise and Service Imports and Exports in World Total of Selected Emerging Market Economies ( Per Cent )Beginning UNSD Statistical Database ( UNdata )Emerging Market Economies Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Poland, South Korea, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, and TurkeyCardinal promotions in the institution trade scenario like the completion of the Uruguay Round and constitution of the WTO, macroeconomic reforms and trade liberalisation policies in many developing states, particularly India and Brazil, created an atmosphere more contributing to the fleet growing in the exchange of goods and servic es. Chinese accession to the WTO along with the accession of other states has farther integrated the sundry(a) system.Most developing states exports are still dominated by agribusiness goods and fabrics, although the emerging economic systems have shown a distinguishable addition in the export of manufactured goods. The value of excavation ( largely fuels ) and agribusiness goods has risen but the chief addition has been in manufactured goods, though the rise in value has been more due to increase in volume instead than alter in monetary value. This encouragement in their portion of ware exports is chiefly due to the dramatic promotion in China s function as planetary fabrication Centre in particularly sectors which are labour intensive. In 2006, out of the top 10 exporters of manufactured goods, 9 were emerging economic systems.The largest exporter of agribusiness merchandises has been Brazil followed by China and Thailand and of fuel, Saudi Arabia from the emerging market econom ic systems. The important addition in the export of manufactured goods has is chiefly lead by export of office and telecom merchandises, followed by fabrics and car merchandises. Despite the projection of China as the lead exporter of fabrics and vesture, Colombia and Peru have besides expanded their exports.After the phasing out and termination of the Multi-fibre Agreement or Agreement on Textiles and Clothing ( ATC ) in 2005, which employed non duty barriers like quotas, parts such as China, Hong Kong and Taiwan saw a form in their exports but they were able to develop other export oriented sectors.Among the developing states, the emerging markets are both the lead exporters and importers of fuels, agribusiness merchandises and manufactured goods.The growing in commercial services has non been every bout some(prenominal) for the emerging markets as a whole, nevertheless India has seen an impressive enlargement in the service industry every bit much as 2.69 % of universe export of services in 2008. This is chiefly due to the roar in information engineering and hotel industry. China besides shows 3.35 % of universe exports nevertheless it shows a much more dramatic figure of 8.91 % of universe exports in ware. India is followed by Hong Kong with 2.37 % portion, Singapore with 2.15 % portion and South Korea with 2.05 % portion in 2008. The chief export in commercial services has been of transit services and touristry, with India being the largest exporter of touristry and South Korea being the largest exporter of transit services.The emerging markets experienced a disproportional consequence through their bead in service export in the early half of 2000 s chiefly due to the planetary IT crisis. China, South Korea, India and Singapore are besides taking importers of commercial services among the emerging markets particularly their increasing portion in transit. Commercial services can besides include building services, communicating services, insurance po licy services, fiscal services, royalties and other services.During the East Asiatic Crisis the emerging markets saw a ample bead in their ware and service exports nevertheless after the Subprime Crisis in 2007 2008 the autumn in the value of emerging economic systems exports was smaller than exports of the industrialised states.The addition in imports and exports gives a encouragement to the domestic industries. Addition in imports gives entranceway to better natural stuffs in both measure and quality every bit good as at decreased cost. Sing the competition, domestic providers cut down their monetary values of natural stuffs to the houses. Increase in exports can be attributed to the duty decrease of other states and export publicity activities by the authorities. Besides entree to international markets spurs the domestic manufacturers to increase their production quantitatively every bit good as qualitatively. There is an addition in production, which in gimmick leads to a ri se in employment within the state. The addition in employment has two effects. One there ordain be more consumers in the market and there will be a encouragement in the demand for the merchandises. Second with addition in employment there will besides be addition in productiveness of the houses and the industries, whereby they will be able to provide more goods and services in the market. Sing the profitableness more houses will fall in in bettering the competition in the industry.

Nursing Home Aims and Objectives

It is the objective of the Nursing Home to provide economic aid to all(a) service users to a standard of excellence which embraces fundamental principles of good care practice, and that this may be witnessed and evaluated through practice, conduct and control of quality care in the domicil. It is a fundamental ethos that those service users who live in the home should be able to do so in accordance with the homes Statement of Values. It is the objective of the home that all service users shall live in a clean and safe environment and be treated with respect and sensitivity to their individual needs and abilities.Staff give be responsive to the individual needs of service users and will provide the appropriate degree of care to assure the highest possible quality of life in spite of appearance the home. To meet the clients needs the care service within the home is designed to achieve the following objectives To deliver a service of the highest quality that will emend and sustain the service users overall quality of life. In this respect the care service is designed to meet the requirements of a recognised accredited quality standard, just in a people oriented fashion.To ensure that the care service is delivered is flexibility, attentively, and in a non discriminatory fashion while respecting each service users in effect(p) to independence, privacy, dignity, fulfilment, and the rights to make informed choices and to take risks. To ensure that each service users needs and values are respected in matters of religion, culture, race or ethnic origin, grammatical gender and sexual orientation, political affiliation, marital status, parenthood and disabilities or impairments.To ensure that the care service in the whole is delivered in accordance with agreed contracts of care. To manage and go across a formal programme of staff planning, selection, recruitment, training and personal development to enable service user care needs to be met. To manage the care ser vice efficiently and effectively to make the best use of resources and to maximise value for money for the service user. To ensure all service users receive scripted information on the homes procedure for handling complaints, comments and compliments and how to use it.

Comparing Nuclear Energy To Other Energies Sources Environmental Sciences Essay

This study contains information on five different types of zippo beginnings. It is a literature survey that compargons ii renewable ( solar and carry genuine ) beginnings and two non-renewable ( scorch and immanent flatulence ) beginnings to nuclear get-up-and-go. The canvas is based on eventors such as use, make up ( both bully costs and take the fieldning costs ) , safety and stableness, entrepot of dispel and the cushion on the environment. The beginnings nuclear number 18 separately compargond to atomic postcode. In the comparabilitys only if the factors relevant to the two zip beginnings being comp atomic number 18d at whatever given clip atomic number 18 considered factors ar non repeated in the comparing. It anyways looks at whether the media s portraiture of the dangers of atomic thrust is accurate or whether it overestimates the dangers involved in realise forthing atomic business leader. The purpose of the study was to find the viability of ato mic postcode as a beginning of berth to back up electricity demands of the population in the hereafter.This is a literature survey turn toing the portraiture of atomic energy by the media and its viability as an energy beginning in comparing to opposite methods of bring forthing electricity. The study compares nuclear energy to energy generated by coal, natural squanderes, oxygenise latest and the Sun ( i.e. solar energy ) . The energy types are separately compared to atomic energy. Each subdivision high spots specific jobs and advantages associated with Nuclear energy as it relates to the energy to which it is being compared. Factors mastermindn into consideration include the costs involved with the assorted types of energy, how much it is being use globally, impact on the environment, storage of waste, safety and stableness. The study was written to run into the demands laid down by JSQ216, a 2nd twelvemonth technology topic at the University of Pretoria.The study was fin ished by apportioning severally of the four group members a specific energy to research and comparison to atomic energy. The research was so completed by utilizing journal articles, books, cyberspace sites and nearing two applied scientists about the job. The information was processed, the dependability of the beginnings assessed and a short part of the study was generated by each group member. all t emeritus four parts were so put together for the concluding study.Figure 1 Break down of solar energy 2 The Sun has been somewhat since the beginning of clip but merely late has it been use as a beginning of renewable energy. Approximately 120000 TW of solar energy is absorbed by the Earth s egress which is agree to 10000 times the entire planetary demand for energy. Merely 0.1 % of this energy would be required to fulfill the globe s present ingestion of provokes. 1 There are three chief ways to tackle the Sun energy. These include solar cells which convert fair weather stra ight into electricity. Solar H2O heating where heat from the Sun is used to heat H2O inside panels on roof tops. And in conclusion solar furnaces that make usage of mirrors to concentrate the suns energy into a little unfathomable to bring forth high temperatures. As illustrated by figure 1.There are close to 440 atomic power plants in the universe today which supply 16 % of the universe s energy demand, nevertheless merely 1 % is utilitarian energy with the remainder being atomic waste. If 1 % of the country where there is recoverable energy utilised solar energy devices all the universe s energy demands could be met with solar energy entirely. If 10 % of the country were to be utilized so in two old ages the electricity produced would be equal to all known militias of fossil provides. 1 Cost jobs with solar energy are the high swell costs involved in the installing of solar panels which can be really expensive. The demand to hive away(p) energy because of solar handiness du e to factors such as clip of twenty-four hours and conditions conditions is in any event dearly-won. States at higher heights with day-to-day cloud screen will hold an economic disadvantage due to long distance transportation of energy. sustainment of panels besides has to be considered. Nuclear energy is soon cheaper than solar power nevertheless the building of the installations and the temperament of radioactive waste is dearly-won and can impact the environment. 3 Solar power is comparatively safe to utilize every bit long as you do non look straight into the Sun s beams or come into contact with hot solar panels. In the example of atomic power it is besides safe to utilize as the atomic reactors are equipped with excess systems to do certain there is no atomic meltdown. This makes it a really stable energy beginning. Nuclear energy starts to spring up much unsafe in the signifier of exhausted give notice rods and radioactive waste. purge though atomic energy is dependab le and stable as a whole, when something does move around wrong it can go really serious and really unsafe.Solar energy does non hold any signifier of waste as replaced panels and constituents can be reused or recycled. Nuclear energy has two types of waste merchandises, the spent fuel rods which if non stored decently in pools of H2O to chill down could go really unstable. The other signifier is radioactive gasses and other waste merchandises that if released into the ambiance can present assorted hazards.Solar energy produces no waste or pollution. Waste from atomic power must be sealed and stored resistance for long power points of clip. This waste must be kept safe from external factors and from human contact in order to forestall a menace.Such a menace is presently under manner at the Fukushima Daiichi power works in Japan where a pool of exhausted fuel rods caught fire this twelvemonth.Solar power is a renewable power beginning therefore it is environmentally sociable. It is soundless and requires no fuel hence there is no pollution. It even decreases the quantity of harmful green house gasses. Although there are more(prenominal) advantages to solar energy there is button up the fact that a macro sum of panels is required to bring forth the needful electricity. This becomes really dearly-won. It is dependable and has no hazards that are associated with atomic energy. Nuclear energy on the other manus is non a renewable beginning and if non handled in the right manner could impact the environment in a negative manner. Even though it does non lend to planetary heating like other fossil fuels, the waste gasses it does bring forth could potentially do radioactive illnesss and malignant neoplastic disease in worlds and other life signifiers.A sum-up of the advantages and disadvantages of solar and atomic energy can be found in the tabular arraies below board 1 Advantages of Solar and Nuclear EnergySolar EnergyNuclear EnergyRenewable energy beginningD oes non breathe green house gassesHas no volatile wastePlenty of resources availableOnce panels are in topographic point the energy is freeCheaper than solar powerTable 2 Disadvantages of Solar and Nuclear EnergySolar EnergyNuclear EnergyDoes non work at darkRadioactive wastePresently really expensiveLong-run storage required for waste merchandisesRequires large Fieldss in order to reap a suited sum of energySome reactors produce Pu which can be used to do atomic armsAll around the universe we require every energy beginning that we can acquire including atomic. All energy beginnings have a bun in the oven both pros and cons. Even though atomic energy is portrayed as an unstable beginning of energy it is in fact ane of the some dependable and stable types in the universe today. The downside is in its waste that if treated falsely could set down in the custodies of terrorists. In the followers 20 old ages at that place will be emerging economic systems throughout the Earth that wi ll necessitate low cost, environmentally friendly alternate energy beginnings and Nuclear power is evaluate to fulfill this demand. bring up EnergyWind power is the coevals of electricity through the usage of air trustworthy to whirl turbines, which in bend, convert the air current s kinetic energy into electricity. 1 The office of utilizing air current as a power beginning has been in usage throughout history from around the twelfth century where windmills were used to mill grain. 2 Wind power coevals uses wind turbines to do electricity, air current Millss for mechanical power and air current pumps for pumping H2O. 2 It is a renewable energy beginning that non many states have attempted to develop.Wind business leader earthly concernwide June 2010 3 StateCapacity( MW )USA36.3China33.8Germany26.4Spain19.5India12.1Rest of the World46.9Entire175.00Table 3 Wind Power Worldwide June 2010In June 2010, The World Wind Energy Association ( WWEA ) published that 5 states entirely accounted for about 73 % of the universe s entire air current energy work viz. USA, China, Germany, Spain and India. 3 Figure 2 World Electricity Production 2008On the other manus, atomic energy payoff seems to be far much popular in a upsurge of states with some states such as the USA and France holding no less than 104 and 59 atomic reactors in summons severally 4 in early 2010.A survey done in 2008 to happen the per centum of each type of energy that is globally produced showed that air current signifiers portion of merely 2.8 % whereas atomic energy histories for 13.4 % of the universe s entire power.The chief disadvantage of air current power is the undependability of the air current itself. In most countries the air current s strength is excessively low to whirl a turbine. However, if wind energy were to be used in unison with solar and/or geothermic energy it could be developed into a stable and dependable beginning of power. The air current turbines themselves are instead safe with merely a few reported instances worldwide of damaged blades caused by bad conditions, none of which has resulted in any known hurts. 5 Nuclear reactor workss make usage of radioactive stuffs to bring forth electricity. The thought that these stuffs could go unstable and acquire out of control is one of the chief concerns ( along with radiation toxic condition ) for states bring forthing atomic energy. The Chernobyl atomic catastrophe of 1986 lead to better, more efficient protocols being put into pattern go forthing most states to believe that they are now better prepared to manage any destabilizing of the atomic stuffs. 6 However, weave energy remains theoretically a batch safer than atomic workss even with all the safety safeguards they take. The effects are much higher for a atomic catastrophe than for a air current turbine failure.Wind turbines do non breathe any waste merchandises as they do non fire any kind of fossil fuels or radioactive stuffs, so there i s no concern over where to hive away or dispose of emanations safely- unlike atomic energy. The radioactive stuffs ( like Uranium and Plutonium ) that are used up in atomic power workss continue to bring forth unsafe radiation for 1000s of old ages after they have been used up as a fuel for atomic energy. The most effectual manner to hive away these depleted stuffs has non yet been found but for now they are being kept in belowground storage pools where they will non be harmful to anybody. 7 The initial apparatus of both air current turbines and atomic power workss are rather dearly-won. But one time built, wind turbines are cheaper to keep than the power workss, but they are both comparatively cheaper to keep than their fossil fuel opposite numbers with the atomic stuffs enduring a really long clip and with air current being a free resource to be used.Environmental ImpactBoth air current and atomic energy as it is being produced, is friendly to the environing environment ( except in the tragic instance where radiation is leaked from the power works ) . However, wind turbines do do more noise than the power workss which is riotous to any locals remaining near the turbines. 8 The sum of infinite that a air current turbine takes is less than that of an mean atomic power works and the break to the environment during building is worse for the power workss because they take so much longer to be built. 8 Coal EnergyCoal, the most abundant and low-cost of the fossil fuels ( 1 ) , is a non-renewable energy beginning. It has been used as a beginning of energy for 1000s of old ages and has legion of import utilizations such as in electricity coevals, steel and cement industry, and industrial procedure warming. Coal a great deal proves to be the lone alternate when low-cost, cleaner energy beginnings are unable to run into the turning energy demand faced with today ( 1 ) . fogey fuels are formed from the organic remains of prehistoric workss and animate beings that h ave undergone alterations due to heat and advertize per unit area over 1000000s of old ages. The procedure is placid taking topographic point today but the rate of energy storage is little. The one-year biomass performance stored this manner represents merely about 0.001 % of the current universe energy usage ( 2 ) . Even though wood coal can be made unnaturally, it is non possible to bring forth it at the rate of ingestion ( 3 ) . Therefore, coal is regarded as a non-renewable energy beginning and is bound to acquire depleted. Harmonizing to BP s ( British Petroleum ) Statistical recapitulation of World Energy 2010, there is a estimated 826001 million dozenss of proved coal militias worldwide, or 119 old ages reserves-to- fruit ratio ( length of clip that the duty touring coal militias would last if production were to go on at the old twelvemonth s rate ) ( 4 ) . However, compared to other fossil fuels, coal militias are the largest 1s and are more every bit distributed worldw ide.Nuclear energy is besides a non-renewable beginning as it is reliant upon a finite beginning of fuel that can be exhausted. Although, the universe s known uranium resources increased by 15 % in two old ages to 2007 owing to increased mineral geographic expedition The U ( and sometimes Pu ) used in atomic power is a natural resource and is a common metal found in stones all over the universe. The World Nuclear Association suggested that there is about ( 13 ) 160 old ages of supply at today s rate of ingestion.Coal is mainly used as a solid fuel to bring forth electricity and heat. The coal is normally pulverized and so combusted in a furnace with a boiler for the coevals of electricity. The steam which cases from the burning is so used to whirl turbines, which drives the generators therefore making electricity. When coal is heated at about 1000 grades Celsius in an airless environment, Coke is produced. The Coke is so used is used to smelt Fe ore for the production of steel.A b yproduct of this warming is Coal gas, which is a musical composition of methane and H, is produced. Coal gas was used for residential lighting and cookery in the 1940s but it was really dearly-won and so it was stopped. However, in recent times, these gasification procedures are being developed to be more cost effectual and so coal gas is frequently used as fuel for engines.Nuclear power workss create electricity through a procedure called fission in which subatomic atoms called neutrons split uranium atoms, bring forthing enormous sums of energy. The consequence of the fission of these big atoms is the creative activity of smaller atoms and radiation. The energy produced is so absorbed by H2O which heats it and so stream is produced. The steam is so used to whirl turbines as in the instance with coal power workss.Harmonizing to the Key World Energy Statistics 2010 ( 5 ) , 27 % of the worldwide energy demand was fulfilled by coal in 2009.Coal was the 2nd largest beginning of energ y followed by Oil providing 33.2 % . China is a major manufacturer with coal with coal ever playing a dominant function in its primary energy ingestion. China consumed a high 46,9 % of the coal supplied and produced the most coal ( 45,6 % ) harmonizing to the BP Statistical World Energy follow-up 2010.World primary energy demand is expected to go on to turn steadily, as it has over thelast two decennaries Harmonizing to the International Energy first moment 2010 ( an appraisal by the Energy Information Administration ( EIA ) of the mentality for international energy markets through 2035 ) , universe ingestion of coal additions by 56 % over the following two decennaries ( 6 ) .Nuclear energy supplies the universe 5.8 % of the universe s ingestion which is less than a one-fourth of what coal supplies. This is expected as there are merely 442 operable atomic power Stationss world-wide, the first one being created about 50 old ages ago which is comparatively recent.The extraction of coal involves two types of slam surface ( strip ) minelaying and resistanceexcavation. Surface excavation involves the remotion of coal sedimentations near to Earth s surface whereas underground excavation is taking sedimentations found 100s of metres below the Earth s surface. Underground mining histories to about 60 % of the universe s coal production ( 7 ) and requires the creative activity of shafts and tunnels that are dug in to the coal beds. There have been legion tragic happenings in the history of coal excavation as it is a really hazardous concern and lay waste toing accidents add up in all states that produce commercial measures of this mineral. Most mining accidents occur as a consequence of cave-ins, methane detonations, mine wall failures, vehicle hits or the implosion therapy of the mine shafts. Besides asphyxiation, gas toxic condition, respiratory complaints ( chiefly Black Lung disease ) were common. Over 100,000 mineworkers have dies over the past century in co al-mining accidents in the U.S ( 2nd largest manufacturers of coal ) merely ( 8 ) . However, most of these hazards have been reduced in contemporary mines owing to modern engineering and thoroughlyness and safety Acts of the Apostless puting stricter criterions. Nevertheless, in lesser developed states and some underdeveloped states, continue to see important Numberss of excavation human deaths each twelvemonth.The copiousness of coal makes it easy accessible and the usage of cheaper manners of transit makes this resource an cheap signifier of energy when compared to energies such as solar, air current or hydro. It is besides somewhat cheaper than the costs involved in bring forthing atomic energy. When comparing the economic sciences in bring forthing energy from these two beginnings, it is of import to see several different types costs associated with both coal and atomic energy.This includes costs associated with the fuel used in the production of energy which tend to be lower i n a atomic works even though more intricate stairss are involved in the production of the fuel assemblies used in the reactors. Transportation system costs are, nevertheless, high for coal because a significantly big sum of coal is needed to bring forth the same energy as with the atomic fuel.The capital costs are the costs associated with the initial building of the works and the alterations forms an of import portion when comparing the costs. For a atomic works, these costs are normally higher than for any other energy signifiers as the edifices used for containment or the safety-related equipment demand to run into higher criterions than those met by traditional coal workss. On the other manus, coal workss are required to include scrubbers to take airborne pollutants as a consequence of the fire of the coal.Another consideration is the operation and care costs involved. These are the costs involved in the daily operation of the coal and atomic workss. This includes cranch costs , stuff costs, authorities fees and belongings revenue enhancements. It is found that the costs are really similar in both the workss.The costs associated with the byproduct waste should besides be taken into history. For a coal workss, this is the coal ash and for a atomic works, these costs include a charge levied by the authorities for eventual(prenominal) storage of the high degree waste. This charge is a level fee based on energy usage. The waste costs for atomic energy is well higher than the costs for coal workss.Therefore, the costs involved in bring forthing coal and atomic energy are approximately the same ( 9 ) .The combustion of coal is known to lend to planetary heating, and is linked to environmental and wellness issues such as acerb rain, smog and asthma owing to the particulate emanations that are emitted from power Stationss. Harmonizing to the World Health Organisation, it is estimated that air pollution kills more than 2 million people yearly ( 10 ) . Coal is the largest subscriber to the human-made addition of CO2, a nursery gas which causes planetary heating and clime alteration in the air ( 11 ) . Strip excavation causes big countries of land to be temporarily disturbed and this causes dirt eroding and impacts on local biodiversity as after the land has been scraped and quarried for coal, it is normally abandoned. The waste after coal has been combusted is frequently disposed of in landfills or surface impoundings, which are lined with compacted clay dirt and a fictile sheet. As rain filters through the toxic ash cavities over old ages, the toxic metals are leached out into the local environment. Coal sludge is the liquid coal waste generated by rinsing coal and is known to incorporate toxins, and so leaks or spills can foul belowground and surface Waterss. ( 12 )Natural Gas EnergyThe Natural Gas used in power production is a colourless, inodorous and tasteless gas made chiefly of methane and other hydrocarbons ( including C2H6, propan e, butanes and pentanes ) . It besides contains C dioxide, He, H sulfide and N, in smaller measures. Natural gas is a molecular(a) compound with Van Der Waal attractive force between its molecules 1 . It has a boiling point of -161oC and is stable at a broad assortment of temperatures and force per unit areas 1 . Natural gas is transported in its liquid signifier as it taken up 600 times less infinite as a liquid than it does as a gas and weighs 55 % less than the same volume of H2O. It is a consequence of the decomposition of workss and animate beings and is found in pockets to a lower place the Earth and ocean.Natural gas is an of import beginning of power in the modern universe. Harmonizing to Makogen ( 201049 ) if we were to utilize 17 to 20 % of the universe s natural gas resources, we would be able to supply the universe with energy for 200 old ages. Although it presently merely accounts for 20 % of the universe s energy, the demand is expected to increase well over the f ollowing 20 old ages. It is a cleaner fuel beginning than any other dodo fuel 2 breathing about no sulfur dioxide and far less C dioxide and NHx than either oil or coal. Natural gases can besides be used in concurrence with other power coevals methods, such as biomass 3 , to bring forth energy which will alter the sum of pollutants emitted.Nuclear Stationss do non bring forth the same pollutants as fossil fuels do but blow direction remains the primary concern in atomic engineering. The waste merchandises of a atomic station are isotopes with highly long half-lives. The storage of these waste merchandises means making a safe storage infinite that needs to last longer than all the human civilizations combined. There are three different degrees of atomic waste, high degree, medium degree and low degree. depressed degree waste is non really unsafe and disposing of it is non a job. The danger comes in with high degree radioactive waste. The waste is encased in concrete membranophon es and inhumed up to a kilometer and a half into the land 5 . However, high degree radioactive waste can non be stored near any other high degree radioactive waste as it will interact with the other waste. It is besides of import to happen stable land in which to hive away the waste, as concrete can check and interrupt in the event of an temblor or shudder. South Africa is one of the safer places to hive away atomic waste as it has a geologically stable countryside. Some countries, like the northern Karoo, have experienced about 30 000 old ages of stableness. In between the remotion of the waste from usage and the concluding storage of the waste it needs to be left to soak in H2O for a period of clip, to acquire rid of some of the residuary radiation. In this clip the fuel rods need to be safely guarded as the waste merchandises are used in the creative activity of dirty bombs and atomic bombs. A soiled bomb is a normal bomb incorporating high degree radioactive waste and is deto nated above a metropolis, leting the radioactive atoms to pollute the H2O supply in add-on to other harm. 5 Plutonium, one of the waste merchandises of a atomic power station, is a primary constituent in atom bombs and the rods frequently have to be processed to take all Pu before they can be disposed. The usage to which the waste merchandises can be used besides means that steps need to be taken in guaranting that any state with a atomic power station does non utilize the waste in a atomic arms plan. It besides leaves a state more vulnerable to atomic onslaught as should a dirty or atom bomb land near a atomic station the merchandises of the two would respond with each other, compounding harm.The waste from a atomic station can be greatly reduced by the right direction of the station but it still remains a serious menace. Cold merger could theoretically bring forth energy without radioactive waste but experiments with cold merger have produced really small energy, non even plenty to power a light bulb. Cold merger is besides regarded as a cozenage by many scientists and has the same ill fame as ageless gesture and free energy in many scientific circles 9 .The degree of efficiency of natural gas as a power beginning is, nevertheless, really much dependant on the engineering used to bring forth the power. In a comparing of different engineerings 4 it was found that Natural Gas combined rhythm engineering was the most efficient of the Natural Gas engineerings. The engineerings were compared based on efficiency, capital costs, care costs, the service life and electricity costs ( calculated based on the cost of the fuel, the care costs, capital cost and service life ) . The capital costs of the combined rhythm engineering were merely over a500 with an expected care cost of less than a0.005 per kg west hr and a service life of 20 old ages ( i.e. the clip the works operates before equipment demands to be replaced. ) A atomic station has to replace its one tierce of its fuel rods yearly 5 Relatively, a atomic station s capital costs are higher than any other fuel beginning 6 but they produce electricity at a really low cost which offsets the initial high cost. This can be seen in figure 2, below, which shows a comparing of the cost to bring forth energy for assorted engineerings. The cost of power from a atomic works besides tends to stay stable 7 even if the cost of uranium varies as up top 75 % of the fuel cost in a atomic works is to cover the start-up cost. On the other manus, natural gas monetary set are really dependent on the supply and so monetary values tend to change. Natural gas is besides capable to carbon revenue enhancements in some states because of its emanations, which reduces its cost efficiency.Figure 3 Cost of Energy generation for Different TechnologiesLocation besides plays a really of import function in finding whether or non natural gas or atomic energy is the most efficient solution of a state. A state t hat is abundant in fossil fuels and does non pay C revenue enhancements would happen that natural gas was a far more suited engineering. However, when it becomes necessary to import natural gases, the supply security of the works becomes compromised and it Nuclear may be a more financially feasible option.Both Nuclear and Natural Gas beginnings have the advantages of being able to provide on demand. Most renewable energy resources are offered on an as-available footing 8 . This means that you do non necessitate to run a coal station alongside a atomic station in instance it does non bring forth adequate energy to run into demand.DecisionMedia is wrong in portraiture, excessively utmost but still non safeWaste disposal is unsafe, careful consideration as to storage installationsSafety, securityVulnerability to atomic onslaught

Raphael Lemkin

The Raphael Lemkin Award of the Institute for the Study of Genocide honors a pioneer in social justice. Raphael Lemkin, an attorney descended from Polish Jews, lived from 1900-1959 through 2 globe wars and the broad Depression. Born in Imperial Russia before the October Revolution, he saw his related ethnic groups suffer atrocities in the early twentieth century. This added later to his interest in the larger problem of genocide, a word he created from genos (Greek race) and cide (Latin killing).During his graduate law education, he focused on the 1915 Armenian Genocide (ch. 1) of WWI and advocated its abolition in the coalition of Nations. He took on the case of Soghomon Tehlirian, assassin of a former Turkish Minister of the Interior as revenge for his role in the Armenian Genocide. Lemkin go on to champion victims of the 1933 massacre of Christian Assyrians by Iraqis and then advocated for the minorities targeted by Nazis in Europe (ch. 2), especially Jews and the Poles. Join ing the Polish Army, he himself lost 49 relatives in the Holocaust. His studies and his life experiences drove him on.It was difficult to convince America, other Allies, and the world that a Holocaust was actually occurring (ch. 3), partly due to anti-Semitism in more regions. Additionally, major nations were concentrating to fight back the Nazis and the Japanese in two theaters, with little notice at first of the plight of the Jews and the ghetto Poles. Knowing that this was all fact, Lemkin campaigned to educate the world roughly mass murder by naming it genocide and giving it the darkest personality.In 1944, he published Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, with his comment of this atrocity and continued to advocate his case against it publically. He spoke and wrote documents calling for the world to outlaw it through the United Nations. Humans committing same-species mass murder and psychological abuse against minority and ethnic groups was unnatural, twisted, and immoral. In light of his advocacy, he changed teaching and advising positions under political pressure to stop stirring up dissension, finally pathetic to USA in 1941. After his 1944 publication, he was able to become advisor to the US Supreme Court in the Nuremburg trials in which genocide was tried for two years.American policymakers did not wish to speak out against genocide or have responsibility for leading a movement against it. A large-scale forces strike would and did cost many lives, dollars, and criticisms. It required a national commitment to Jews long-term and the related criticism. Lemkin continually spoke about genocide, finally bringing about the 1948 U.N.Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in 1948 (ch. 4), in the same year that Israel became a nation. Unfortunately, Lemkins last years suffered much antonym from policymakers who did not want to continue efforts against genocide. However, Senator William Proxmire and President Ronald Reagan provided additional impetus some time later for the successful ratification of Lemkins Genocide Convention (ch. 5). Lemkin had been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, awarded other honors, and accomplished much. Thus, he likely believed that justice would finally win out over genocide in the second half of the 20th century, spurred on by the foundation of his accumulated actions and their results.ReferencesPower, Samantha. A Problem from Hell America and the Age of Genocide. Chapters 1-5(17-78).

Analysing Article: Only Immigrants Can Save Japan’ by Michael Hoffman Published in the Japan Times Online on 21st October 2012

Assessing the names currency, this article was published a month back, which is comparatively recent. The article is making a long term analysis as it referenced the need to gratifying 10 million immigrants from now till 2050, hence the issue is valid because such a live and future issue will be monitored and reiterated in the news for the coming decades. Furthermore, there has been no study changes regarding contrary policies in Japan since the publication date and hence proves that timeliness is present. Under relevance, the article concerns about Japans rapid decline in population and the need for Japan to open its doors for immigrants.There argon pros and cons affiliated with inviting more foreigners but would it be a wise approach to just welcome immigrants for the sake of displace a brake to the accelerating population decline? And does it give a solution to those problem that Japan is approach such as stagnating economy or shifting away the reliance on nuclear aught? This is also relevant to us locally and many of the developed nations. In Singapore, foreign workforce policies are less tight compared to Japan, a sustainable supply in manpower is needed.The home(a) Population and talents Division stated this month that Singapore has little choice but to turn to foreign sources to weft the positions of construction labourers or healthcare sectors as they play a role in supporting Singaporean families. The question remains as to whether society in Japan is ready for it, because even immigrant nations like the US and Singapore is have never been entirely free from cultural friction. In analysing authority, the article is written by a regular contributor of The Japan Times, who is also a media columnist and author of the book outstanding in Japan.Established in 1897, The Japan Times is the and independent English language newspaper. It was only during World War Two that The Japan Times was used as an outlet for Imperial Japanese government as a propaganda tool. Mr Hidenori Sakanaka, major contributor of this article, is a former immigration bureau promontory who spent 35 years urging Japan to bring in more immigrants. He wrote immigrations involution Diary, a book that details his own experiences and lays out a manifesto for the future of Japanese immigration policy. Overall, the article gives an insight of the issue from relevant authority of the issue.In evaluating accuracy, Mediacorps Today published an article that talent help to add reasons to Mr Sakanakas assertion. It states the the direct relation to the ageing population and the increase in demand for foreign labour. Please see the attached Todays article. At the same time, within the article itself quotes declining population data from National Institute of Population and Social Policy Research which is a reliable authority. Additionally, they cited about Japans failure in its mass-immigration program that welcomed Japanese-Brazilians in the 1980s, depicting that inviting Japan to multiculturalism would not work.The article mentions paradigm that conflicts to Sakanakas notion. Such information offers a balanced perspective of the issue and therefore strengthens the reliability of the article. The purpose of the article is to examine about the possibilities that arises from have immigrants by incorporating factual information from authorities, statistics and quotes. There are diversity of stakeholders presenting objective data and subjective solutions to the issue. The article offers both perspectives that supports and those against Sakanaka, therefore I feel that I have analysed a reliable article.

Poem study 1- James Shirley (1596-1666) ‘Death the Leveller’ Essay

The poem remainder the Leveller was compose for the upper class educated. galore(postnominal) other nation could not understand it. It holds many words that people in the late 1500s didnt understand. Words like Sceptre- an ornamental rod held by a king/queen as a symbol of power are used in termination the Leveller. Shirleys argument is that a high rank+ position wouldnt last and we squirtt def annihilate ourselves from death. He tries to make us see that good and just actions will personify on, nevertheless no matter how rich or poor you are, we will all be judged the same(p) in death. goal the Leveller also has a rhetorical side, and Shirleys tries to put his point across by using phrases like The boast no more about your mighty deeds.The structure of Death the Leveller is a 3-stanza poem of similar shape and length giving it a stereotypical look, except for lines 5 and 6 of each stanza were the lines are given emphasize, as they are the main parts. Words used in lines 5 and 6 of each stanza are very similar, exampleSceptre and Crown must tap down and Early or late, they stoop to fate. Two words that dont hoar are used first, and then the last word of the line always rhymes with the third word used. Many of the words and phrases used are symbols of royalty such as Crown, Garland and Swords and Armor are used. These are a sign of war or battle. Death the Leveller generally has a rhyme age of AB, AB, CC, AD. Come and tomb in stanza three are an exception.The poem is written in English, and was printed at the m of the parliamentary victory for Oliver Cromwell and the execution of King Charles I. Undoubted, such drastic events traumatized writers like Shirley who had sympathized with the monarch. Thats why he uses royalty in Death the Leveller and death as the main theme. He uses personification with death, example Death lays his icy hand on kings. Shirley has given death an icy hand which is placed upon something that Shirley once sympathized with , but is now gone. He uses alliteration in Death the Leveller to emphases the harshness of implements used in burial.The shadow of Death the Leveller is a slow, eerie shadiness that someone speakingat a funeral might use. The tone rest the same except when emphasizing harshness of cutting implements. It then transmits back to the normal tone at the last two lines, but gets a bit softer when the poem concludes to bring back the death feeling. The tone throughout Death the Leveller is generally the same, but when colons are used its emphasized. Yet at the end of line six on the last stanza, a colon is used to show a change in tone and structure.In conclusion, Death the Leveller is an eerie, chilling, serious and somber poem with a hint of melancholy. Its tone can be quite mocking and ironic in reference to those who were successful in the past. The loudspeakers attitude is very determined and patriotic and run on lines add strength and spurring to argue his point, which is,We ar e all equal in death, some whitethorn have money, some may have nothing. Yet when it comes to death, we are judged purely on what is inside.

External Essay

A 12 Mitch Albom occasion of symbolism to demo his mess suppurate. to exactly give-up the ghost manners Ext checked Essay Alisha Waldron IB 000-848-005 declination 5, 2012 Abstract This essay is an examination of the smart Tues eld with Morrie, written by Mitch Albom in the mid-1990 and published in 1997. The search psyche that go away be spoke upon in this essay is How does Mitch Albom use symbolism to present his message, to only if live carriage? There be m whatsoever instances where Mitch, has Morrie Portray the unseasonedspaper to simply live carriage sentence.There ar many retells that help answer my challenge through step up this essay. Examples of symbols utilise through the novel ar the tapdance hibiscus place, Morries Bed, and the Waves on the ocean. This is the thesis of the easy that allow help answer How does Mitch Albom use symbolism to portray his message, to simply live life. Albom uses different symbols to show his message. For the beg hibis cus place, its life a symbol that is supposed to imitate Morrie, the weaker Morrie makes the weaker the plant becomes. He n perpetually gave up who he was and continued to do him.The waves on the ocean showed to never give up, because erstwhile you imagine something then it will come true. He might as soundly provided live life to the fullest. Morrie lie with is the biggest symbol in the novel. He believes that once you lie in draw back then you are dead. This shows foreshadowing. He avoids his bed throughout the whole story, but rasetually becomes similarly weak and gives up. This is where he took his get going breath. Word Count 242 Table of Contents Introduction4 pink hibiscus plant6 Waves on the ocean7 Morries Bed8 Conclusion. . 11 Works Cited. 12 Introduction Authors use symbolism because it makes their readers actually think astir(predicate) their themes. It is use to give the characters or the incidents a second meaning hidden behind the visible meaning so the bo oks are not boring, but engaging for entertainment and seriousness and pushes your mind to interact with the novel which makes it more(prenominal)(prenominal) interestinganother thing. Another reason for symbolism is to present ideas that the seed is afraid to expose clearly.Saying whiz thing directly as is, straight forward is solely different from describing what you mean, it ordains emphasis in the game and help interpretation invade in the novel. Symbolism will either be associated as an object, a soulfulnessality, an action or a state of affairs that gives a deeper message, rather than estimable blurting out the message. The author might use totally diverse progeny, compare characters or things or will repeatedly use constant circumstances of affairs or object to express crucial plots, principal mood or way of thinking. Symbolism will either be refined or deliberate.It force out tied(p) be used to some extent or strongly used throughout the text. Authors use symb olism by and by they wish to convey their messages and feeling to their story while not blurting it out directly typically this can be often be intrigued by story writers because it offers them enough area to express what they need to mention, impose on _or_ oppress in less actors line. Symbols are used all throughout the whole story to help Mitch basically get his point across in a more enjoyable manner for the reader. Symbols are significant to Tuesdays with Morrie, it gives the readers a since of suspense.This story takes the reader through various steps as to how to agnise life itself, and by reading Mitchs book ane begins to reflect on their cause life. In closely cases people see death as a sad epoch in a someone life. If you went to the doctor and you were t h ist-to-god that at that place was no way that you would make it, that you and had about 2 years to live, it would be a rough duration for you and your family. The last two years of your life would be hard. Every day, of the last two years of you waking up would be full of sorrow and pain.Tuesdays with Morrie is the concluding lesson between a sociology professor at Brandeis University, and also the main character, Morrie Schwartz, and iodin of his school-age childs that he previously taught at his college before the illness, which is additionally the author of the book, Mitch Albom. Mitch saw his professor in an interview on the broadcast Nightline, Mitch before long remembered of a promise he created sixteen years in the onetime(prenominal) that he wouldnt forget him that he would continuously imprison a wedion with him.Morrie was diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral pass sclerosis (ALS), which is an illness of the nerve cells in spite of appearance the mental capacity and neural structure that manages the voluntary muscle movement. Symptoms usually do not work up until later on age 50, but they can start in younger people. A person with ALS have a loss of muscle strength an d coordination that eventually gets worse and makes it impossible to do routine tasks such as going up a flight of stairs, get up, out of a chair, swallowing, including juice and food, or in Morries case, Whip his have got ass. Breathing or swallowing muscles whitethorn be the first muscles affected.As the disease gets worse, more muscle groups develop problems. This does not affect the senses (sight, smell, taste, hearing, touch). It only ra depone affects bladder or bowel function, mall movement,or a persons ability to think or reason. He soon realizes that the disease is catching up to him swiftly, and that he needs to share his perception on The Meaning of Life with the world before his time on earth ends. His time to be on this earth as a living valet being is restricted and Mitch becomes responsive to this situation. Mitch leaves Michigan to travel to Massachusetts to show Morrie a visit after the viewing the show.Previously after having this one fantastic visit, Mitch ha d a desire to go to Morries place once per week. Clearly this one random day was a Tuesday. Ever single Tuesday Mitch went back to see his old professor. Hebdomadally till Morries death. Every week they spoke on a few totally different topics. Each topic that was said had to do with life, things that occur in ones life. Death, issue, socialisation, sorrow and also the world we have a tendency to board, among several other themes, were all enclosed in the content during this book to portray Mitch Alboms message to straightforwardly live life.The reader feels several emotions whereas reading this book, starting from happiness to unhappiness, most likely trying to hold back the tears once reached the end of the book. Although it takes Morrie a significant amount of time to eventually pass away, this offers the book some suspense and provides readers to engage within the plot. It makes the reader believe their own life and be a sign of on getting old, mercy, people, sympathy, and men tors in life, even as Mitch Albom will throughout the novel. Mitch Albom will use the symbols hibiscus plant, the waves of the ocean, and Morries bed to portray the theme to simply live life.Pink hibiscus plant An example of a symbol used in the book is the pink hibiscus plant As Morries body continues to expire at the same time as the disease is fight Morries body, eating away, weakening his muscles, the condition of the hibiscus plant continues to top as well. The plant represents to decay of Morries insides within his body. The plants pink petals began to dry out, and wrinkle up. The petals eventually fall off the plant leaving the plant Old, arid out, and plain. Meanwhile, Morries disease continues to get worse spreading to different varys of his body.He then has no picking but to come more dependent of his me medical assistants and on the oxygen tubes he has to be put on. Morrie can no longer live alone, but has to be assisted with only about every(prenominal)thing he do es. As his death approaches, just right around the corner, the pink hibiscus plant Morrie is becoming deceased. The death of the plant is quickly occurring just like how Morries body is dying. The plant is constantly mentioned in reference of Morries life and for life in everyday. resembling the plant, humans, Morrie in particular, baffle a inborn life cycle, this unavoidably ends in death.Morrie must relieve this anticipated outcome, and Mitch must do the same. Take my condition. The things I am supposed to be embarrassed about now not being able to walk, not being able to get across my ass, waking up some mornings wanting to cry there is nothing innately embarrassing about them. Its the same for women not being thin enough, or men not being rich enough. Its just what our agri kitchen-gardening would have you believe. Dont believe it. The words above are spoken to Mitch as some words of advice, by Morrie during one of their normal Tuesday visits. During this visit they sp ecifically speak upon society.Slowly but surely, Morrie has grown to accept his carnal inability, in the same way he has grown to accept his awaiting death. He complains that the society is wrong to believe in ordinary physical needs as a social embarrassment, and as a resolving he will not believe that he being handicap is discreditable. In rejecting the values of the population, Morrie creates his own society, which accommodates the physical shortcomings people in todays society are faced with each and every day, that others find disgraceful and embarrassing. As Morrie sees it, popular culture is a dictator under which the human community must suffer.Morrie feels as though he has suffered enough already from his disease and do not understand see why he should search for social acceptance if it is not contributing to to his personal happiness. by means of the novel, society is portrayed as an enormous device that removes everything from the minds of the public, and replacing th e natural kindheartedness they gain at birth with a brutal greed and selfish focus. Waves on the ocean Another symbol that is used in Tuesdays with Morrie is the waves on the ocean. I believe Mitch Albom chooses for Morrie to remember this story about the ocean to connect the waves with life itself.Morrie heard about a llttle wave. But seeing the waves in front of him collide on the shore, vanishing into nothing made the little wave seems more significant than just a wave. He is of a sudden filled with fear upon the realization that he also will soon crash on the shore and, die as the wave fears he will. There becomes two waves that seems to contradict each other. Its like one wave have confidence, or is just by his side to give him the strength to say you will not crash, or turn in to nothing but will instead return to become a small part of the larger ocean.This story gives Morrie a relief. This small wave is exemplary of Morrie, as he too is on the brink of crashing into a theo retical shore, a symbolic personification of his death. Like the wave, Morrie is comforted by the knowledge that he will soon return to something larger in the afterlife. Morries parity for the parable denotes his belief in a form of reincarnation, which he understands as fundamental part of the natural life cycle. You see You close your eyeball. That was the difference. Sometimes you cannot believe what you see you have to believe what you feel.And if you are ever going to have people trust you, you must feel that you can trust them, too even when youre in the dark, even when youre falling. These words are spoken to his class while in a set fire to back on one of the Tuesdays. His class was asked to demonstrate a trust fall exercise this is when one student falls in to the arms of another student where that student must catch the student fallin. This shows if the student trusts the other student. One student will fall straight backwards and must rely on another student to catch them. NO one can sincerely trust anyone until on pair finnaly does the exercise without nervousness. Morrie notices that the student that completed this exercise had her eyes shut, and says that this exercise serves as a metaphor for the secret to trust in relationships sometimes it takes one to close there eyes, to be blind to a situation to trust only relying on their emotions to direct them in their final decision. The exercise was used to justify how two people in a relationship trust eachother and the two partners take risks in permit them hold their heart. There is no getting around this risk, it is required.Morrie teaches his students that trust is blind one can only judge whether or not to trust another based on an instinctive feeling, not because of any rational judgment or method of thinking. Trusting someone only takes for one to shut their eyes fall back, having faith in that person to catch them. Morries Bed Morries bed is a symbol that is used in the story. Morri es cliche is, When youre in bed, youre dead. Ironically, his saying in the end happens. During Morries struggle with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), he didnt want to be in his bed, since his perception of the bed is so harsh.He believes the bed is a form of surrender. He feels he is being defeated the more time that he spends in the bed and instead, he decides to sleep on his chair located in his study. Every heard of the flavour Live Life to the Fullest? Morrie has every intention to live his last couple of days to the fullest, but he knows that if he stays in his bed, he will be giving himself up to death by surrendering the simple happiness he gets from lounging around in his study. Morrie refuses to let his disease defeat him. There where many memories in that were all around him in his study, like friends and loved ones pictures and books.In his study he can cheep out the window. Even thiough he cannot go outside, the beauty of mother nature makes him happy. During Morr ies final days he laid in his bed after he had accepted the situation that it was his time to go, and he prepared himself for the death that awaited him. The media is continually portrayed inTuesdays with Morrieas being fundamentally evil, suck Mitch dry, literally, of his passion and am deedion, and feeding the public stories of murder and hatred that have completely wrecked the goodness of the worlds general community.Even though Morrie agrees to do the show and put his story in the newspaper, it is still draining the little bit of energy that he do have. I feel like he is trying to prove to everyone that, even though on the edge of death, he is still alive and he will continue to simply live life. Mitch, who is out of work due to a utilized strike at the Detroit newspaper he writes for, continually notices the horrific events reported by the media he for a long time has been a part of.He reads about homicides, torture,theft, and a dozen other frightening crimes that serve to co ntrast the evil of the popular culture with the goodness of the world Morrie has created for himself. The O. J. Simpson murder trial also makes multiple appearances throughout the book, and provides Mitch with evidence to supporthis shout that the general heavily population has become dependent on, and somewhat addicted to, media coverage of relatively unimportant stories, stories that contribute nothing to personal development or goodness as a human being.These stories are used within the Novel as motifs to pursue the evil that is surrounded around Morrie. This shows, in my opinion, how strong, mentally, Morrie really is. Even though Morrie is not as strong physically he is still strong mentally. He ignores all of the ignorance that is going on around him. He only focuses on one thing, which is to simply live life The truth is . . . once you learn how to die, you learn how to live. Morrie says this on one of the Tuesdays to respond to Mitchs question how one can prepare for deat h. His response was that every day, a person must ask the nonsuch on his shoulder if today will be m day, my last breathes and my last words. His thinking serves as a symbol for his awareness that his death may come at any moment. The angel itself is symbolic of Morries awareness that his death is quickly arriving, and he needs to be prepared to accept it when it finally arrives. He hopes that Mitch will realize that this angel is on every persons shoulder during every inute of their lives, regardless of how young or old that person might be. When he tells Mitch that one must know how to die before one can know how to live, in other words he means that one must accept the likelihood of ones own death before he can truly appreciate what he has on earth, it will all be out of reach, giving the urge to appreciate and value what a person can have only for a limited period of time, and to use every moment of that time doing something that one will not regret when the angel sings its las t note.In his quest to accept his awaiting, death, Morrie deliberately detaches himself from the experience when he suffers his violent coughing spells, all of which come loaded with the possibility of his last breath. Morrie looks past the fact that his death date is quickly approaching. Morrie knows that the time is coming. He is aware of his deceasing body, as his famous statement I will eventually have to whip my own ass. Morrie derives his method of detachment from the Buddhist ism that one should not attach themselves to things, as everything that exists is temporary. In detaching, Morrie is able to step out of his tangible environment and into his own state of consciousness, namely for the sake of gaining perspective and composure in a stressful situation. Morrie does not intend to stop feeling or experiencing in his detachment, but instead, wants to experience wholly, for it is only then that he is able to let go, to detach from a life-threatening experience which renders him fearful and tense. He tries to look past the fact that he has been diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and simply live life.He makes little changes to his life after the new was delivered to him. He does not want to die feeling upset, and in these frightening moments, detaches himself so that he may accept the impermanence of his life and embrace his death, which he knows may come at any moment. As you grow, you learn more. If you stayed as ignorant as you were at twenty- two, youd always be twenty-two. Aging is not just decay, you know. Its growth. Its more than the negative that youre going to die, its the positive that you understandyoure going to die, and that you live a better life because of it. Each of Morries lessons contributes to a larger, all-encompassing message that each individual, Mitch especially, should reject societys values, but develop his own. As Morrie sees it, society is a dictator under which the human community must suffer. In his own life, Morr ie has fled this socirty dictatorship in favor of creating his own culture founded on love, acceptance, and open communication. He develops his own culture as a revolt against the media-driven greed, violence and superficiality which has tarnished the mores promoted by popular culture.Morrie encourages Mitch to freehimself of this corrupt, dictatorial culture in favor of his own, and it is only when he does that he begins to reassess his life and rediscover fulfillment. Morrie readsa quoteby one of his favorite poets, W. H. Auden, to include one of his important lessons to Mitch in the absence of love, there is a void that can be filled only by loving human relationships. When love gathers, Morrie says, a person can experience no higher sense of fulfillment. During all fourteen Tuesday visits lessons with Mitch, Morrie tells him that love is the philia of every person, and every relationship, and that to live without it, as Auden says, is to live with nothing. The appreciation of love, in Morries eyes, in particular, as he is abiut to decease, for without the careful care of those he loves, and who love him, he would perish. Morrie has one wish before he isnt on this earth anymore, and that is to share his story with Mitch so the world can hear it.Morrie fights for his life long enough to finish telling Mitch all the storys, and lessons to Mitch so he can share them to the world. soon as he has completed his dying wish he surrenders and faces death, leaving Mitch to tell the world that love brings meaning to experience, and that without it, one may as well be dead. Conclusion In conclusion with examining the Novel Tuesdays with Morrie I have found a lot of evidence from the novel that helps support my question to how does Albom use symbolism to portray his message to simply live life? Morrie and his disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis didnt not stop him from doing the things is had a passion for. When diagnosed he taught his students until he was weak. He didnt just give up on life, even though he knew, soon to come, he was going to die. I have never heard of someone being happy to die. As you can see there were many symbol used throughout the novel to promote the theme to simply live life. The plant was basically Morrie through the novel. The weaker Morrie became the more flimsy the plant became.The waves on the ocean seem to stand out to me because it is a connection between the two and the wave. Mitch realizes that one day he will be a wave. He will eventually crash and vanish in to nothing. Meaning his time to die off just like every one of us is approaching and just like that, he will be gone. This symbol is important to me because it shows that everyones time will come, some sooner than others. No matter your condition, health, or your actions. When its your time, then its you time, no changing.Mitch begins to realize that by the end of the waves of the ocean memory ends. The most important symbol used in Novel and in the e ssay is Morries bed. Its funny how the author uses foreshadowing in the novel this gave anyone a little hit of where Morrie would eventually die. Morrie believed that his bed was the evil that believed he had given up. Once you have lied in the bed then you are died. Morrie basically refused to lie in his bed simply because he didnt want to feel defeated. To purpose the whole examination, after examining deep into this book Morrie is not a quitter.At the end you goes down, everyone saw it coming, But he dont go down without a fight. I have proved the Mitch Albom uses symbols in Tuesdays with Morrie to portray his message to simply live life through The Bed, The Ocean, and the plant. Word Count 3,656 Works Cited Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie An Old Man, a Young Man, and Lifes Greatest Lesson. New York Doubleday, 1997. Print. Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Grand Haven, MI Brilliance, 1997. Print. Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Rockland, MA Wheeler Pub. , 1998. Print. B oard, A. D. A. M. Editorial. Amyotrophic asquint Sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. U. S. matter Library of Medicine, 18 Nov. 2012. Web. 18 Dec. 2012. Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Tuesdays with Morrie. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. Tuesdays with Morrie. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Dec. 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Tuesdays With Morrie Mitchalbom. com. Tuesdays With Morrie Mitchalbom. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 19 Dec. 2012. Board, A. D. A. M. Editorial. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. U. S. interior(a) Library of Medicine, n. . Web. 11 Dec. 2012. 1 . Board, A. D. A. M. Editorial. Tuesdays With Morrie. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. U. S. National Library of Medicine, n. d. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. 2 . Board, A. D. A. M. Editorial. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. U. S. National Library of Medicine, 18 Nov. 2012. Web. 18 Dec. 2012. 3 . Board, A. D. A. M. Editorial. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Amyo trophic Lateral Sclerosis. U. S. National Library of Medicine, n. d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. 4 .Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays With Morrie. Tuesdays With Morrie. N. p. , n. d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. 5 . Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Rockland, MA Wheeler Pub. , 1998. Print. 6 . Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Grand Haven, MI Brilliance, 1997. Print. 7 . Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Rockland, MA Wheeler Pub. , 1998. Print. 8 . Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie An Old Man, a Young Man, and Lifes Greatest Lesson. New York Doubleday, 1997. Print. 9 . Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. Grand Haven, MI Brilliance, 1997. Print.